Experimental Verification of the Formation Mechanism for Pillar Arrays in Nanofilms Subject to Large Thermal Gradients

The free surface of molten nanofilms is known to undergo spontaneous formation of periodic protrusions when exposed to a large transverse thermal gradient. Early time measurements of the array pitch and growth rate in polymer melts confirm a formation process based on a long wavelength thermocapillary instability and not electrostatic attraction or acoustic phonon driven growth as previously believed. We find excellent agreement with theoretical predictions provided the nanofilm out-of-plane thermal conductivity is several times larger than bulk, an enhancement suggestive of polymer chain alignment

Ultra-high-Q free space coupling to microtoroid resonators

Whispering gallery mode (WGM) microtoroid resonators are one of the most sensitive biochemical sensors in existence, capable of detecting single molecules. The main barrier for translating these devices out of the laboratory is that light is evanescently coupled into these devices though a tapered optical fiber. This hinders translation of these devices as the taper is fragile, suffers from mechanical vibration, and requires precise positioning. Here, we eliminate the need for an optical fiber by coupling light into and out from a toroid via free-space coupling and monitoring the scattered resonant light. A single long working distance objective lens combined with a digital micromirror device (DMD) was used for light injection, scattered light collection, and imaging. We obtain Q-factors as high as $1.6 \times 10^8$ with this approach. Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)-like and Fano resonances were observed in a single cavity due to indirect coupling in free space. This enables improved sensing sensitivity. The large effective coupling area (~10 ${\mu}$m in diameter for numerical aperture = 0.14) removes the need for precise positioning. Sensing performance was verified by combining the system with the frequency locked whispering evanescent resonator (FLOWER) approach to perform temperature sensing experiments. We believe that this work will be a foundation for expanding the implementation of WGM microtoroid resonators to real-world applications

Sperm trajectories form chiral ribbons.

We report the discovery of an entirely new three-dimensional (3D) swimming pattern observed in human and horse sperms. This motion is in the form of 'chiral ribbons', where the planar swing of the sperm head occurs on an osculating plane creating in some cases a helical ribbon and in some others a twisted ribbon. The latter, i.e., the twisted ribbon trajectory, also defines a minimal surface, exhibiting zero mean curvature for all the points on its surface. These chiral ribbon swimming patterns cannot be represented or understood by already known patterns of sperms or other micro-swimmers. The discovery of these unique patterns is enabled by holographic on-chip imaging of >33,700 sperm trajectories at >90-140 frames/sec, which revealed that only ~1.7% of human sperms exhibit chiral ribbons, whereas it increases to ~27.3% for horse sperms. These results might shed more light onto the statistics and biophysics of various micro-swimmers' 3D motion

Strategi pengelola warga belajar program kejar paket B dalam mengaktifkan kegiatan pembelajaran di pusat kegiatan belajar masyarakat (PKBM) Budi Utama Surabaya

Dalam penelitian skripsi yang berjudul Strategi Pengelola Warga Belajar Program Kejar Paket B Dalam Mengaktitkan Kegiatan Pembelajaran di Pusat Kegiatan Belajar Masyarakat (PKBM) Budi Utama Surabaya ini terdapat 3 pembahasan, yaitu : 1) Bagaimana keaktifan warga belajar program kejar paket B di PK.BM Budi Utama Surabaya?, 2) Bagaimana strategi pengelola warga belajar program kejar paket B dalam mengaktifkan kegiatan pembelajaran di PK.BM Budi Utama Surabaya?, 3) Apa saja faktor pendukung dan penghambat pengelola warga belajar program kejar paket B dalam mengaktitkan kegiatan pembelajaran di PK.BM Budi Utama Surabaya?. Metode yang digunakan sebagai analisa dalam skripsi ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif yaitu observasi, interview dan dokumentasi. Observasi dengan cara mengamati kemudian melakukan pencatatan terhadap obyek yang diteliti. Interview penelitian ini melakukan wawancara dengan pihak-pihak yang terkait dengan permasalahan peneliti yaitu Kepala Sekolah dan tutor program paket B. Kemudian penyajian data yang diperoleh dari lapangan akan membentuk sebuah jawaban dari rumusan masalah yang dapat dengan mudah dipahami dan selanjutnya di analisis dengan langkah-langkah yaitu pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian di lapangan dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengelola warga belajar telah melakukan tugasnya sesuai dengan tugas dan fungsi sebagai seorang manajer. Tennasuk dalam ikut serta mengaktifkan kegiatan pembelajaran pada program kejar paket B. Keaktifan warga belajar semakin lama semakin membaik. Dengan artian, strategi­ strategi untulc lebih mengaktifkan kegiatan pembelajaran yang dilakukan oleh tutor dan manajer terus dilakukan secara kontinyu. Strategi yang diterapkan yaitu berupa motivasi yang diberikan kepada warga belajar dan adanya pelatihan-pelatihan yang bekerja sama dengan instansi lain. Strategi Pengelola Warga Belajar Program Kejar Paket B Dalam Mengaktifkan Kegiatan Pembelajaran di PKBM Budi Utama berjalan dengan sangat baik yang tentunya dengan adanya kerjasama antara manajer dan tutor program kejar paket B di PK.BM Budi Utama Surabaya

Le juge administratif dans l'analyse juridique des politiques publiques

Aquesta ponència forma part del Workshop internacional de doctorands organitzat pel Programa de Doctorat en Dret de la UAB i la Facultat de Dret de la UAB, amb el suport de l'École Européenne de Droit de l'Université Toulouse Capitol

Targeting DNA Damage Response and Replication Stress in Pancreatic Cancer

Background and aims: Continuing recalcitrance to therapy cements pancreatic cancer (PC) as the most lethal malignancy, which is set to become the second leading cause of cancer death in our society. The study aim was to investigate the association between DNA damage response (DDR), replication stress and novel therapeutic response in PC to develop a biomarker driven therapeutic strategy targeting DDR and replication stress in PC. Methods: We interrogated the transcriptome, genome, proteome and functional characteristics of 61 novel PC patient-derived cell lines to define novel therapeutic strategies targeting DDR and replication stress. Validation was done in patient derived xenografts and human PC organoids. Results: Patient-derived cell lines faithfully recapitulate the epithelial component of pancreatic tumors including previously described molecular subtypes. Biomarkers of DDR deficiency, including a novel signature of homologous recombination deficiency, co-segregates with response to platinum (P < 0.001) and PARP inhibitor therapy (P < 0.001) in vitro and in vivo. We generated a novel signature of replication stress with which predicts response to ATR (P < 0.018) and WEE1 inhibitor (P < 0.029) treatment in both cell lines and human PC organoids. Replication stress was enriched in the squamous subtype of PC (P < 0.001) but not associated with DDR deficiency. Conclusions: Replication stress and DDR deficiency are independent of each other, creating opportunities for therapy in DDR proficient PC, and post-platinum therapy

Performance of non-invasive tests and histology for the prediction of clinical outcomes in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: an individual participant data meta-analysis

BackgroundHistologically assessed liver fibrosis stage has prognostic significance in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and is accepted as a surrogate endpoint in clinical trials for non-cirrhotic NAFLD. Our aim was to compare the prognostic performance of non-invasive tests with liver histology in patients with NAFLD.MethodsThis was an individual participant data meta-analysis of the prognostic performance of histologically assessed fibrosis stage (F0–4), liver stiffness measured by vibration-controlled transient elastography (LSM-VCTE), fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4), and NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) in patients with NAFLD. The literature was searched for a previously published systematic review on the diagnostic accuracy of imaging and simple non-invasive tests and updated to Jan 12, 2022 for this study. Studies were identified through PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL, and authors were contacted for individual participant data, including outcome data, with a minimum of 12 months of follow-up. The primary outcome was a composite endpoint of all-cause mortality, hepatocellular carcinoma, liver transplantation, or cirrhosis complications (ie, ascites, variceal bleeding, hepatic encephalopathy, or progression to a MELD score ≥15). We calculated aggregated survival curves for trichotomised groups and compared them using stratified log-rank tests (histology: F0–2 vs F3 vs F4; LSM: 2·67; NFS: 0·676), calculated areas under the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves (tAUC), and performed Cox proportional-hazards regression to adjust for confounding. This study was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42022312226.FindingsOf 65 eligible studies, we included data on 2518 patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD from 25 studies (1126 [44·7%] were female, median age was 54 years [IQR 44–63), and 1161 [46·1%] had type 2 diabetes). After a median follow-up of 57 months [IQR 33–91], the composite endpoint was observed in 145 (5·8%) patients. Stratified log-rank tests showed significant differences between the trichotomised patient groups (p<0·0001 for all comparisons). The tAUC at 5 years were 0·72 (95% CI 0·62–0·81) for histology, 0·76 (0·70–0·83) for LSM-VCTE, 0·74 (0·64–0·82) for FIB-4, and 0·70 (0·63–0·80) for NFS. All index tests were significant predictors of the primary outcome after adjustment for confounders in the Cox regression.InterpretationSimple non-invasive tests performed as well as histologically assessed fibrosis in predicting clinical outcomes in patients with NAFLD and could be considered as alternatives to liver biopsy in some cases

Optical Tweezers for 3D Assembly and Enhancement of Optical Chemosensors

We use automated optical tweezers to assemble 3D micro- and nano-structured systems out of hundreds of building blocks of various materials. In particular, microtoroid chemosensors can be augmented with particles for improved optical coupling.Immediate accessThis item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]